Read The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 By Christopher Clark
Read The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 By Christopher Clark
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Ebook About One of The New York Times Book Review’s 10 Best Books of the YearWinner of the Los Angeles Times Book Prize (History)The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 is historian Christopher Clark’s riveting account of the explosive beginnings of World War I.Drawing on new scholarship, Clark offers a fresh look at World War I, focusing not on the battles and atrocities of the war itself, but on the complex events and relationships that led a group of well-meaning leaders into brutal conflict.Clark traces the paths to war in a minute-by-minute, action-packed narrative that cuts between the key decision centers in Vienna, Berlin, St. Petersburg, Paris, London, and Belgrade, and examines the decades of history that informed the events of 1914 and details the mutual misunderstandings and unintended signals that drove the crisis forward in a few short weeks.Meticulously researched and masterfully written, Christopher Clark’s The Sleepwalkers is a dramatic and authoritative chronicle of Europe’s descent into a war that tore the world apart.Book The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 Review :
In the very last sentence of the book, Christopher Clark explains his title: "In this sense, the protagonists of 1914 were sleepwalkers, watchful but unseeing.....blind to the reality of the horror they were about to bring into the world." Note that I have abridged this solitary sentence. I did not find Clark to be as readable as I would have liked for a 562 page history of the causes of WWl; hence four stars. I had read Tuchman's "Guns of August" just a few weeks earlier, and came away from that book overwhelmed by the events of the first month of the War, yet unclear as to why it happened. In hindsight, I would have preferred reading Clark's book first. Later this year I intend to read "With Our Backs to the Wall" (about the War during 1918, following three years of trench battles), and finally "Paris 1919".The causes and events leading to the outbreak of the War are indeed complex. Many countries were involved, major players (Germany, Russia, France, England, Austria-Hungary) and less major ones (the Balkans, Belgium, Italy, Turkey). European Wars were not a rarity, though they generally lasted for less than a year, sometimes only a few months. Many countries were ruled by monarchies, and the key player of the moment could be the king, prime minister, Foreign Minister, War Minister or an Ambassador - or some combination. And in some cases, the scorecard kept changing, rapidly. There were ententes, detentes, demarches, and inceptions. And Alliances. Most of the key players were involved in at least two alliances; I was particularly struck by how tenuous some of these alliances were as they became uncomfortable for some participants as events changed. I was amazed how dismissive government officials could be of time honored agreements that suddenly dictate unforeseen and costly entanglements. So part of the chess game became guessing how truly committed potential opponents (and partners) would be to alliances, formal and less formal.Most of us know the simple answer to the question posed here - the assassination of Austria's Archduke. But where? by whom? and where was he from? But most importantly why? Clark begins his story with a few paragraphs on the event but then dives backwards into events leading up to that moment. 367 pages later, we now are treated to a more detailed, minute by minute account of the assassination, in reality a quasi black-comedy horror story. And then the chess game continues but at a much faster pace - incredibly WWl will be well underway in only 6 weeks. A war which will last four years and take twenty million lives. There were many moments in those six weeks when "if only" had truly occurred, war could have been paused at a minimum. Or perhaps limited to a local affair instead of a global one. Clark details all the reasons (and then some) why it did happen. Recommended. I just read Christopher Clarks' "The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914" for a PhD course I'm taking on World War I. Clark's thesis is very interesting, and flies in the face of the conventional narrative surrounding the beginning of World War I- namely that World War I was primarily Germany's fault. Rather than absolve Germany, Clark's assertion is that all the players in World War I were all more or less culpable to some degree. But this is a simplistic summation of Clark's complex argument. Indeed, he states that trying to assign blame is beside the point if one really wants to understand how World War I began. Clark argues that World War I was not foreordained, but was the product of many different people making flawed decisions with incomplete information and/or significantly biased dispositions. For instance, Clark notes that the French and the Russians were so intent in seeing that Austria-Hungary gained no advantage from the murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo that they failed to consider the Dual Monarchy's just demands and legitimate grievances against Serbia. Further, Clark writes that Germany "punched beneath its weight" in diplomatic matters prior to World War I. Essentially it was a great power, but was denied the fruits that Britain and France enjoyed, namely in the colonial sphere, because they feared it becoming even more powerful. Therefore Germany, in an attempt not to start a war, reluctantly accepted a subordinate position in the European balance of power.It is an argument that I'm not sure I entirely agree with, but it is a fascinating new perspective. Clark is generally correct in his treating the road to war as the complex set of mechanisms that it was. He is equally correct in giving weight to the various voices and interest groups throughout Europe, and how their perceptions helped set the Great Powers on a collision course. Clark does not treat each nation as a monolithic entity, but rather considers the roles of the monarchs, the ministers, the press, and the people in each state. The book also begins with the grizzly murders of the king and queen of Serbia in 1903, and how that event shifted the Balkan nation from a pro-Austrian position to a pro-Russian alignment. Clark also notes just how modern in so many ways the events of 1914 were. Gavrillo Princep, the Serbian assassin, was little different from modern suicide bombers; Serbia itself was not so different from other states that sponsor terrorism today; and for all of our technology it is remarkable how little international diplomacy has changed. I would be reluctant to recommend "The Sleepwalkers" to undergraduates, or people without much knowledge on the subject looking to "smarten up" on it. This is a deeply complex book that assumes the reader already has a basic understanding of the issues, personalities, and systems at work in 1914.All told, this book is a wonderful analysis of the beginning of World War I, and offers much food for thought on an event that has been debated on for over a century. 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